Cover

Published by:
John Wiley & Sons Ltd
The Atrium
Southern Gate
Chichester
West Sussex
PO19 8SQ

in association with:
The Open University
Walton Hall
Milton Keynes
MK7 6AA

First published 2014.

Cover image © Artur Marciniec/Alamy

All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, transmitted or utilised in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without written permission from the publisher or a licence from the Copyright Licensing Agency Ltd. Details of such licences (for reprographic reproduction) may be obtained from the Copyright Licensing Agency Ltd, Saffron House, 6–10 Kirby Street, London EC1N 8TS (website www.cla.co.uk).

Edited and designed by The Open University.

This publication forms part of the Open University module T868 Environmental monitoring and protection. Details of this and other Open University modules can be obtained from the Student Registration and Enquiry Service, The Open University, PO Box 197, Milton Keynes MK7 6BJ, United Kingdom (tel. +44 (0)845 300 60 90; email general-enquiries@open.ac.uk).

www.open.ac.uk

British Library Cataloguing Publication Data:

A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library.

Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data:

A catalog record for this book has been requested.

ISBN 978 1 1188 6380 0

1.1

Section 1: Water basics
- 1.1 Introduction
- 1.2 The hydrological cycle
- 1.3 The natural aquatic environment
- 1.4 Further SAQs
- 1.5 Summary
Section 2: Pollution of the aquatic environment
- 2.1 Introduction
- 2.2 Sources of pollution
- 2.3 Summary
Section 3: The effects of pollutants on the aquatic environment
- 3.1 Introduction
- 3.2 Organic materials
- 3.3 Plant nutrients
- 3.4 Toxic pollutants
- 3.5 Physical pollutants
- 3.6 Biological pollutants
- 3.7 Further SAQs
- 3.8 Summary
Section 4: Sewage treatment
- 4.1 Introduction
- 4.2 Transporting sewage
- 4.3 Overview of sewage treatment
- 4.4 Preliminary treatment
- 4.5 Primary treatment
- 4.6 Secondary treatment
- 4.7 Secondary treatment of industrial effluents
- 4.8 Variants of the biological treatment system
- 4.9 Tertiary treatment
- 4.10 Advanced wastewater treatment
- 4.11 Decentralised wastewater treatment systems
- 4.12 Sustainable urban drainage systems
- 4.13 Further SAQs
- 4.14 Summary
Section 5: Sludge treatment and disposal
- 5.1 Introduction
- 5.2 Sludge production and sludge characteristics
- 5.3 Methods of treatment
- 5.4 Methods of reuse or disposal
- 5.5 Further SAQs
- 5.6 Summary
Section 6: Water quality tests
- 6.1 Introduction
- 6.2 Oxygen demand
- 6.3 Estimation of physical, chemical and microbiological components
- 6.4 Toxicity testing
- 6.5 Further SAQs
- 6.6 Summary
Section 7: Industrial wastewater treatment
- 7.1 Introduction
- 7.2 Trade effluent control
- 7.3 Summary
Section 8: River quality modelling
- 8.1 Introduction
- 8.2 Dispersion of pollutants in water
- 8.3 Biochemical oxygen demand
- 8.4 Dissolved oxygen
- 8.5 Nutrients and eutrophication potential
- 8.6 Total coliform bacteria
- 8.7 Summary
Glossary
References
Acknowledgements

Water pollution control

Contents